A video card = graphics accelerator card = display adapter =  graphics card is a hardware component whose function is to generate and output images to a display.

The images on monitor are made of tiny dots called pixels. At most common resolution settings, a screen displays over a million pixels, and the computer has to decide what to do with every one in order to create an image. To do this, it needs a translator — something to take binary data from the CPU and turn it into a picture you can see. that translation takes place on the graphics card.

Main display adapter component :

1-

Graphics processing unit (GPU)

is similar to a computer’s CPU. A GPU, however, is designed specifically for performing the complex mathematical and geometric calculations that are necessary for graphics rendering.

2-

Video BIOS

contains the basic program that governs the video card’s operations and provides the instructions that allow the computer and software to interface with the card. It may contain information on the memory timing, operating speeds and voltages of the graphics processor and RAM and other information

3-

RAMDAC ” Ram-digital to analog converter “

consists of two parts : RAM + DAC

Ram : As the GPU creates images, it needs somewhere to hold information and completed pictures. It uses the card’s RAM for this purpose, storing data about each pixel, its color and its location on the screen.

DAC : translates the image into an analog signal that the monitor can use. Some cards have multiple RAMDACs, which can improve performance and support more than one monitor.

4-

Outputs

Video Graphics Array (VGA)

Digital Visual Interface (DVI)

5-

Cooling devices

like fan

6-

Power demand

from mother board or seperatly with a combination of six pin (75W) or eight pin (150W) sockets that connect directly to the power supply to supplement power.

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